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ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืคื ื™.. ื•ื”ืคืขื ืžืจืฅ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื ื” ืœืกื’ืจ..

ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ ืฉืžื—.. ื”ืฉื ื” ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฆื ืžื•ืงื“ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ ื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืืฆืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.. ืคืกื— (ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื ื—ื’ื•ื’ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื™ืจืช ืžื” ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžื”ืžืจืคืกืช..) ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืžื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช (ื ืงื•ื•ื”). ื•ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื–ืืช ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืกืคืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคื™ื ืช "ื”ื™ื•ืืœืคื ื™" ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ ืจ"ื’ ื’ื‘ืขืชื™ื™ื (ืฉื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘ ื”ืคื™ื ื” ื—ื•ื’ื’ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืฉื ื”..)... ืื– ื ืชื—ื™ืœ?


ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžืจืฅ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1920 ื ืขืจืš ืงืจื‘ ืชืœ ื—ื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื˜ืจื•ืžืคืœื“ื•ืจ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื ื”ืจื’ื•. ืชืœ ื—ื™ ื”ืคืš ืœืžื™ืชื•ืก ืฉืจื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื“ื’ืœ ื‘: "ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ ืืจืฆื ื•". ืžื™ืชื•ืก ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืงืฆืช. ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ืช. ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืก ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœ : "ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื“ ืืจืฆื ื•" ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืฆื‘ื ื•ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžื•ืช. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืืฃ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื (ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”). ืžื•ื–ืžืŸ.


ืขื•ื“ ืคืจืฉื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1965 ืฉื”ืžืจื’ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื•ื•ืœืคื’ื ื’ ืœื•ืฅ ื ืชืคืก ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืื– ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื‘ืœื• ื˜ืœื ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉืœื ืžื‘ื™ื™ืฉืช ืืฃ ืกื“ืจื” ื‘ืขืจื•ืฅ ื•ื™ื•ื”.. ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื•ื ืคื•ื’ืฉ ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืฉืžื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžืชืื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ืœ ืขืกืงื™ ืกื•ืกื™ื (ืฉื ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืกื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™).. ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืกืจื˜ ื˜ื•ื‘.. ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืขืกืงื™ ืกื•ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื.. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื‘ืงื•ืจืก ื˜ื™ืก ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืžื•ืฆื ื’ืจืžื ื™ (ื’ืจื•ืฉ ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื) ืฉื™ืฆื ืœืžืฉื™ืžื” ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื.. ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžื•ืกื“ (ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืจืฉืžื™ืช).. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•ืื– ื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ืฉืฉืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ (ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื ื ืคื˜ืจื” ืžืžื—ืœื”..).. ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.


ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืงืจื• ืœื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ื‘ืฉื ืช 1965 ื”ื•ืฉืง ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื—ื˜ื™ืฃ ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ, ื”ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื‘ื”.. ืื– ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืงืฆืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืื• ืกืชื ืื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžื‘ื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืฉื ื‘ืžืคืขืœ.. ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื ืคืกืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.ืื– ืœื”ื™ื–ื›ืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืžื‘ื” ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.


ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1979 ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืคืช ื”ืื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื–ืžื ื•.. ืื– ืงืฆืช ืœืžื–ื›ืจืช.


ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื ื›ืžื” ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ: ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ 2016 ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ืคืจืฉืช ืืœืื•ืจ ืขื–ืจื™ื” ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืฉื›ื•ื—.. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1997 ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคื™ื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื ื”ืจื™ื™ื (ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ืขื–ืข) ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1966 ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื” (ื”ื”ื™ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ืžืŸ..).

ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื’ืขื ื• ืขืœ ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื–ืœื’ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืฆืช ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื..


ืื– ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1955 ื‘ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกื˜ืจื“ืžื•ืก. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื™ื“ืขื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช (ื•ืื ืœื ื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืื– ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืฆื ืงืฉืจ).. ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื”? ื”ืŸ ื—ื–ื•, ืจืฆื— ืจื‘ื™ืŸ? ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.. ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข? ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœืฉื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืืœืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ื” ืืช ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”?


ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืœืžืจืฅ ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™, ืื– ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงืจื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”. ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื›ืœืก, ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืคืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ื–ื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ื™ืžื™ ืกืคื. ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืœืžืจืฅ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืžืงื“ืžืช ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”.




ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื ืคืชื—ื” ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื” (ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื–ืืช) ื•ืžืื– ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื ืงืฆืช ื ืจื’ืข (ืื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื›ื—ื• ืžืืกื“..).


ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ 14.3 ื”ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืืœื‘ืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ืคืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.. ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืขื•ื’ืช ืชืคื•ื—ื™ื.




ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื ื™ ื™ืœื™ื“ืช ืžืจืฅ ( ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืžืจืฅ ืœืžื™ ืฉืฉืืœ.. ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช...) ื•ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืฉืœื™?

ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืกืจื˜ ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข, "ืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืงื”" ื™ืฆื ืœืืงืจื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช 1965 (ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™...) ืื– ืงืฆืช ืœื”ื™ื–ื›ืจ. ื”ื™ื• ื™ืžื™ื.. ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืกื•ืก.. ืฉื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื: ืื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ืคืœืื™ื.


ื•ื ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ืฉื ื” ืœืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.. ื‘2.3.2020 ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘14.3 (ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืคืื™) ื”ืžืฉืง ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ืกื’ืจื• ื‘20.3 ื”ื ืคื˜ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘- 25.3 ื ืขืœื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช..

ื–ื” ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ื.. ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ ืฉืžื—

ืืฉืžื— ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•, ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืขื•ืช

ื”ื™ืœื”.

ืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื

ื”ืฆื’ ื”ื›ื•ืœ
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